Why the study?
Does EV71 vaccine intervention reduce the incidence and severity of HFMD in the target population?
Does EV71 vaccine intervention reduce the incidence and severity of HFMD in the target population?
EV71 vaccination significantly reduced the incidence, hospitalization, severity, and mortality of HFMD in a real-world population in China.
May support EV71 vaccination programs in endemic regions; leaves open need for RCTs to confirm causality.
EV71 vaccine immunization mainly protects the human population against severe and fatal HFMD and has a positive effect on reducing the overall incidence rates of HFMD and of hospitalized cases. In the analysis of data collected over 4 years, we compared HFMD’s incidence rate, severity, and etiological changes in a target population before and after vaccine intervention. The incidence rate of HFMD decreased from 39.02‰ in 2014 to 11.02‰ in 2021, with a decrease rate of 71.7%, and the decrease was statistically significant (p < 0.001). The number of hospitalized cases decreased by 68.88%, the number of severe cases dropped by 95.60% and the number of deaths dropped to 0. The proportion of cases caused by the EV71 virus in different populations decreased significantly after the intervention, specifically, by 68.41% among individuals 0–4 years of age, by 74.32% among kindergarten children, by 86.07% in severe cases and by 100% with respect to the number of deaths.
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Li et al. (2023) studied this question.
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