Granthi Roga in Ayurveda a Review With Special Reference to Lipoma

Granthi Roga occupies a well-defined place in classical Ayurvedic surgical literature as a localized, encapsulated swelling arising from the vitiation of Doṣa acting upon Dhātu, most often Meda (fat tissue), with obstruction of the Srotas (micro-channels). Among its subtypes, Medoja Granthi — a slow-growing, soft, mobile, painless swelling dominated by Kapha and Meda with a variable Vāta contribution — is widely correlated by contemporary scholars with the modern clinical entity of lipoma. This review draws together the classical description of Granthi found in the Bṛhattrayī, the pathogenesis (Samprāpti) of Medoja Granthi, its clinical resemblance to lipoma, and the dual Ayurvedic management strategy of Śodhana/Śamana (internal) and Śalya/para-surgical care such as Agnikarma, Kṣārasūtra and Lepa. The aim is to place a centuries-old nosological category in dialogue with present-day surgical practice.