Challenges in Color Reproduction and Historical Representation of 3D Models in Digital Heritage Preservation

Digital heritage preservation increasingly relies on high-fidelity 3 D r econstruction technologies to ensure the long-term preservation and dissemination of cultural heritage information. However, accurate color reproduction and historical representation remain major challenges, particularly for organic artifacts such as textiles and leather that undergo color fading and material degradation over time. This study investigates the key factors affecting color reconstruction and age representation in digital heritage models, including the loss of original color information, the difficulty of quantifying aging characteristics, and the balance between technical accuracy and visual authenticity. A restoration framework integrating multi-source data fusion, material aging simulation, and expert–algorithm collaboration is analyzed. The approach combines hyperspectral imaging, spectral reflectance a nalysis, c olor-space r econstruction, and optical property modeling to improve color recovery, while material degradation simulation and texture generation are employed to represent aging features. The results demonstrate that the integration of spectral information processing and intelligent reconstruction strategies can enhance the authenticity and interpretability of digital heritage models. This study provides an engineering-oriented perspective for digital preservation, supporting the development of advanced optical sensing, spectral reconstruction, and virtual heritage visualization technologies.