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August 16, 2026Journal of Midwifery & Women s HealthOpen Access

Nutritional Interventions During Pregnancy Improve Maternal and Neonatal Outcomes: A Systematic Review and Meta‐Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

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Authors

GSGüleren SabuncularEAElif AkbaşEUElif Uca

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Overview

Meta-analysis shows nutritional interventions during pregnancy reduce gestational diabetes and preterm birth risks, suggesting regular dietary counseling improves perinatal health.

Key Points

  • To evaluate the impact of maternal nutritional interventions during pregnancy on maternal and neonatal clinical outcomes.
  • Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials published from 2014 to 2024 following PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO: CRD42024528918).
  • Assessed 23 trials comprising 9,389 participants using the Cochrane Risk of Bias 2 tool and GRADE framework, pooling effect estimates with random-effects models.
  • Nutritional interventions significantly increased infant birth weight within normal limits and reduced rates of low birth weight, small for gestational age, preterm birth, and gestational diabetes mellitus.
  • No significant effects were observed on macrosomia, large for gestational age, birth length, head circumference, gestational hypertension, preeclampsia, maternal anemia, cesarean birth, or neonatal intensive care unit admission.
  • Subgroup analyses revealed greater benefits with personalized counseling, programs involving four or more sessions, and interventions providing direct food supply.

Cite This Study

Sabuncular et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a81799af2fb91fc834acd49https://doi.org/10.1111/jmwh.70172
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