An integrative view of bile acids

Bile acids (BAs) are an important metabolic product in the human body, synthesized by the liver and existing in the form of steroid molecules. They are primarily excreted into the intestine via the gallbladder to assist in the digestion and absorption of fats. While the traditional functions of BAs have long been focused on fat metabolism, recent studies have revealed their extensive roles beyond the digestive system, particularly in the occurrence and progression of cancer, where BAs demonstrate a variety of biological functions that have garnered significant attention. Notably, recent research has unveiled that taurine, a crucial component of BAs, possesses novel immunological functions, further enhancing our understanding of the roles BAs play in both physiological and pathological processes. Based on these research findings, this paper will delve into the potential biological effects of BAs in oncology and their clinical application prospects, aiming to offer new ideas and directions for future research.