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August 16, 2026EClinicalMedicineOpen Access

Intergenerational contact and depressive symptoms in midlife and older adults: an analysis of six cohort studies across 33 countries

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Authors

RGRuijie GongTiangong UniversityXLXinyi LiuShanghai Jiao Tong UniversityYZYalu ZhangStony Brook University

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Overview

Multi-cohort study shows infrequent contact with adult children increases depressive symptoms in older adults, highlighting the protective role of regular intergenerational contact.

Key Points

  • To investigate the association between intergenerational contact with adult children and depressive symptoms among adults aged 50 years and older across 33 countries.
  • Analyzed harmonized data from six population-based cohort studies (HRS, ELSA, SHARE, CHARLS, KLoSA, MHAS; N=189,036) collected across 33 countries between 2010 and 2019.
  • Categorized intergenerational contact as co-residence, living apart with frequent (at least weekly) contact, or living apart with infrequent contact.
  • Assessed depressive symptoms using CES-D or Euro-D scales via multivariable logistic regression models with generalized estimating equations.
  • Compared with co-residence, living apart with infrequent contact was associated with higher odds of depressive symptoms in Mexico (OR 1.43, 95% CI 1.23–1.66), South Korea (OR 1.24, 95% CI 1.14–1.35), China (OR 1.19, 95% CI 1.11–1.27), the US (OR 1.18, 95% CI 1.10–1.28), and continental Europe (OR 1.10, 95% CI 1.05–1.16).
  • Living apart with frequent contact was associated with lower odds of depressive symptoms in European cohorts, including England (OR 0.88, 95% CI 0.81–0.96) and continental Europe (OR 0.93, 95% CI 0.91–0.96).

Cite This Study

Gong et al. (2026) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a8179bcf2fb91fc834acff5https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eclinm.2026.104148
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