Research on the Optimization of Illuminance and Color Temperature in College Table Tennis Courts Based on Non-visual Effects and Sports Performance

To investigate the influence of electromagnetic radiation characteristics in indoor lighting environments on athletes’ physiological responses and sports performance, this study proposes a comprehensive optimization framework for illuminance and correlated color temperature (CCT) in university table tennis courts based on non-visual photobiological effects and athletic performance. A two-dimensional evaluation system integrating subjective perception, reaction speed, and technical performance was established under twelve lighting conditions generated by four CCT levels (3500 K, 4500 K, 5500 K, and 6500 K) and three illuminance levels (300 lx, 500 lx, and 700 lx). The CRITIC objective weighting method and quadratic response surface regression were employed to construct a multi-objective optimization model for intelligent lighting parameter design. Experimental results indicate that the optimal athletic performance is achieved under 6500 K with 500–700 lx, whereas the optimal non-visual physiological state favors 5500 K with 500–700 lx. By integrating both objectives, the proposed model identifies an optimal operating point of 700 lx and 5800 K, providing a balanced solution for performance enhancement and human-centric lighting. The proposed optimization strategy offers an engineering-oriented methodology for adaptive spectral regulation, electromagnetic radiation field optimization, and intelligent LED illumination design, with potential applications in sports facilities and advanced indoor lighting systems.