Study on the Mechanism of Music Therapy in Improving Sleep Quality of Patients with Chronic Insomnia Based on EEG Signal Analysis

Chronic insomnia is a common sleep disorder that can severely compromise physical and mental health, cognitive function and occupational safety. As a non-pharmacological intervention, music therapy has demonstrated unique advantages in improving sleep quality. By collecting electroencephalogram (EEG) signals of patients with chronic insomnia before and after music therapy, this study explores the regulatory effect of music therapy on cerebral neural activity. The results show that music therapy can significantly alter the morphological characteristics of patients’ brain waves, promote slow-wave sleep, reduce the arousal index, and optimize sleep structure. Changes in EEG signals reveal that music therapy improves sleep quality through multiple pathways, including regulating neurotransmitter release, balancing autonomic nervous system function, and reducing cerebral cortical excitability. This neurophysiological evidence supports the integration of music therapy into clinical sleep medicine and establishes a theoretical framework for developing personalized programs to restore the circadian rhythms of workers with occupational insomnia. By aligning auditory stimulation with neural recovery, these interventions mitigate sleep-related physiological strain and improve overall health. Because EEG is a bioelectrical signal, the feature analysis provides a basis for bioelectromagnetic monitoring in non-pharmacological sleep intervention.