Key result
Type 1 diabetes mellitus was not associated with significant changes in cardiac repolarization parameters, such as QTc and Tp-e intervals, compared to healthy children (p>0.05 for all measured parameters).
Why the study?
Type 1 diabetes mellitus can cause serious cardiovascular complications including atrial and ventricular arrhythmias, prompting electrocardiographic evaluation of cardiac repolarization inhomogeneity in affected children.
Does Type 1 diabetes mellitus alter cardiac repolarization parameters in children compared to healthy controls?
Case-Control (n=96)
No
Does Type 1 diabetes mellitus alter cardiac repolarization parameters in children compared to healthy controls?
p-value: p=>0.05
Ventricular repolarization parameters in children with Type 1 diabetes were found to be similar to those of healthy children, suggesting no significant early repolarization inhomogeneity in this small cohort.
No early repolarization differences seen in pediatric T1DM; leaves open whether larger longitudinal studies would detect changes.
Objective: Type 1 diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine-metabolic disease in childhood, which progresses with insulin deficiency and can cause serious cardiovascular complications. Atrial and ventricular arrhythmias are important cardiovascular complications of diabetes. In this study, cardiac repolarization inhomogeneity in children with Type 1 diabetes mellitus was evaluated electrocardiographically. Method: Between February 2021 and April 2021, 48 patients with Type 1 diabetes mellitus and an equal number of healthy control groups were included in the study. Demographic characteristics of all cases were analyzed. P wave dispersion (PWd), QT interval (QT), QT dispersion (QTd), QTc interval (QTc), QTc dispersion (QTcd), Tpeak-Tend interval (Tp-e), Tp-e dispersion (Tp-ed) were evaluated with 12-lead electrocardiography, Tp-e/QT, Tp-Te/QTc ratios were calculated, and parameters were compared between both groups. Results: The mean age of the patient group was 11.44 ± 4 years, and the mean age of the control group was 9.97 ± 4.5 years. The study group consisted of 18 girls (37.5%) and 30 boys (62.5%). In the control group, there were 21 girls (43.7%) and 27 boys (56.3%). There was no significant difference between the patient and control groups in terms of age and gender. The disease duration of the cases was 35.10±30.7 months, and the HbA1c value was 8.4±1.75%. When heart rates, P wave duration, and PWd, QT, QTd, QTc, QTcd, Tp-e, Tp-ed values were compared between the patient and control groups, there was no statistically significant difference between the PWd, QT and QTc intervals, QTd, QTcd, Tp-e interval, Tp-e dispersion, Tp-e/QT, Tp-e/QTd measurements and ratios of the two groups (p>0.05). Conclusion: In our study, ventricular repolarization parameters of children with Type 1 diabetes and healthy children were found to be similar. Although we think the data we have obtained will contribute to the literature due to the limited number of studies on this subject in children, we believe that long-term and prospective studies involving more patients are needed.
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Elifoğlu et al. (2025) conducted a case-control in Type 1 diabetes mellitus (n=96). Type 1 diabetes mellitus vs. Healthy children was evaluated on Electrocardiographic ventricular repolarization parameters (including QT, QTc, QTd, Tp-e, and Tp-e/QTc) (p=>0.05). Type 1 diabetes mellitus was not associated with significant changes in cardiac repolarization parameters, such as QTc and Tp-e intervals, compared to healthy children (p>0.05 for all measured parameters).
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