Echocardiography including Doppler imaging is useful for diagnosing and characterizing mitral stenosis in cats with severe left atrial enlargement.
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May aid feline mitral stenosis diagnosis via Doppler echo; hypothesis-generating case report requiring prospective validation.
Two‐dimensional and M‐mode echocardiography were used to diagnose mitral stenosis in two cats with heart failure. This appeared to be related to mitral valve complex malformation. Ultrasound findings included thickened mitral valve leaflets with inhibited mobility, reduced mitral valve orifice size, abnormal upward (cranial) motion of the caudal mitral leaflet during diastole and severe left atrial enlargement. Colour‐flow and spectral Doppler imaging helped characterise this condition. Colour‐flow Doppler mapping showed turbulence and increased mitral filling velocity (aliasing) at the site of stenosis and related jets of mitral regurgitation. Spectral Doppler recordings showed increased diastolic mitral filling velocities with spectral broadening and prolonged pressure half‐time. Mitral stenosis should be included in the differential diagnosis of cats with severe left atrial enlargement when congenital or acquired mitral valve disease is detected; it may represent an advanced form of mitral valve complex malformation in some cases.
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Stamoulis et al. (1993) studied this question.
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