Biofilm Inhibition Against Staphylococcus aureus and Alizarin Red Dye-Removing Capability of Plant-Based Green Synthesis of Lanthanum Oxide (La2O3NPs) Nanoparticles

The unique properties of lanthanum oxide nanoparticles (La2O3NPs) make them highly suitable for various environmental applications. This study explores the plant-based synthesis of La2O3NPs using Drypetes sepiaria as a reducing agent. The synthesized La2O3NPs were characterized through a range of spectroscopic and microscopic techniques. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) revealed that the La2O3NPs have an uneven surface and a stony appearance. A morphological analysis indicated that the nanoparticles range in size from 20 to 50 nm. The appreciable band gap energy values were concluded as 5.5 eV. The crystal structure and elemental composition were determined using X-ray diffraction (XRD) and energy-dispersive spectroscopy (EDS). The results from the microplate assay method demonstrated enhanced anti-biofilm properties, and photocatalytic tests showed significant dye-degradation capabilities. The degradation efficiency and zone inhibition values of the La2O3NPs were found to be 90.12% and 39.18%, respectively.