Factors Affecting One-year Mortality of Elderly Patients After Surgery for Hip Fracture

Background Hip fractures in the elderly are significant with mortality. Most of the deaths occur during the early period after the operation. Hence, defining the risk factors may assist in preventive measures. The aim of this study is to determine the risk factors for mortality in elders with fracture hip in one year after hospitalization. Methods This study included 195 elderly and ambulatory patients before fracture who receiving surgery for hip fracture at a medical center of Southern Taiwan for non-pathologic hip fractures from August 2011 to December 2013. Patients were treated with hip arthroplasty or open reduction internal fixation (ORIF). Participants' demographic, medical characteristics and functional status were collected at this study. Patients were followed for one year after surgery or until death. Results In total, 39 patients died during the one-year period. Patient survival was 91.4% at one month, and 79.9% at one year. The predictors of one-year mortality that remained in the final Cox's proportional hazard regression model were COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) (HR: 6.5), diabetes (HR: 4.0), solid tumors with metastasis (HR: 6.5) and Type of operation (HR: 3.3). Additionally, COPD was a strong predictor of death in this cohort. Conclusion This study showed that THR, COPD, diabetes, and solid tumors with metastasis were associated with an increase in one-year mortality in aged with fracture hip.