Impact of occupational exposure to formaldehyde in Keratin hair treatments on lung function among salon workers: A cross-sectional study

This is the authors' abstract. We don't add key points for this paper.

Background: Keratin hair treatments are widely used in salons due to their ability to straighten hair. However, these treatments often contain formaldehyde, a known volatile organic compound (VOC) associated with adverse respiratory effects. Salon workers performing keratin treatments may be at increased risk of respiratory impairment due to occupational exposure to formaldehyde. This study aimed to assess the impact of formaldehyde exposure during keratin hair treatments on lung function among salon workers. Design and methods: This cross-sectional study included 41 female salon workers who regularly perform keratin treatments. Spirometry was conducted to measure FEV1 (forced expiratory volume in the first second), FVC (forced vital capacity), and the FEV1/FVC ratio. Values were compared with predicted norms, and associations with exposure-related variables were analyzed using independent t -tests and Spearman correlation analysis. Results: Participants showed significantly lower mean values for FEV1, FVC, and FEV1/FVC ratios than predicted norms ( p < 0.001). Conclusion: These findings underscore the need for improved protective protocols in salons to safeguard workers’ respiratory health.