A 4 × 4 matrix formulation of Maxwell’s equations is used to compute the optical transmission characteristics of light passing through a liquid-crystal twist cell. An eigenvector expansion of the fields whose coefficients vary slowly with respect to position is used. The differential equation for the coefficients is solved numerically with the aid of a second-order Runge–Kutta formula. Results are obtained in the form of an optical transformation matrix.
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R. Gagnon (1981) studied this question.
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