Why the study?
It was unknown whether exercise affects hepatic ApoA5 expression or the inhibition of ApoA5 to TLR4 in non-alcoholic steatohepatitis.
Does exercise improve high-fat diet-induced NASH by modulating the ApoA5-TLR4-mediated NF-κB pathway in mice?
Does exercise improve high-fat diet-induced NASH by modulating the ApoA5-TLR4-mediated NF-κB pathway in mice?
Exercise alleviates high-fat diet-induced NASH in mice by lowering circulating LPS and enhancing the inhibitory effect of ApoA5 on the TLR4-mediated NF-κB pathway.
Preclinical data warrant human trials of exercise in NASH; leaves open clinical translation.
Background: Apolipoprotein A5 (ApoA5), an important modulator of plasma and hepatic triglyceride metabolism, has been found to be downregulated by metformin to improve non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Meanwhile, exercise has been recommended as a therapeutic strategy for non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). However, no study has yet determined whether exercise affects hepatic ApoA5 expression or the inhibition of ApoA5 to toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). We herein examined the effects of exercise on hepatic ApoA5 expression and the relevance of ApoA5 and TLR4-mediated pathway in mice with high-fat diet (HFD)-induced NASH. Methods: Male C57BL/6J mice were built NASH model with high-fat diet for 12 weeks, and following mice were subjected to exercise for 12 weeks on a treadmill. Microscopy and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to measure histological analysis of liver and hepatic lipids, respectively. Quantitative real-time PCR and western blot were used to determined mRNA and protein levels of ApoA5 and TLR4-mediated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) pathway components, respectively. ApoA5 overexpression plasmids transfected into mice to investigate the relevance of ApoA5 and TLR4. Results: 12 weeks of exercise remarkably alleviated HFD-induced hepatic lipid accumulation, inflammation, and fibrosis, as well as reduced serum lipopolysaccharide (LPS), hepatic TLR4, myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), and NF-κBp65 expression. Importantly, exercise did not reduce ApoA5 expression but instead enhanced its ability to suppress TLR4-mediated NF-κB pathway components by decreasing circulating LPS in our experiments involving transfection of ApoA5 overexpression plasmids and LPS interventions. Conclusion: The results demonstrated that exercise improved HFD-induced NASH by triggering the inhibitory effects of ApoA5 on the TLR4-mediated NF-κB pathway.
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Yang et al. (2021) studied this question.
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