Optimal Lead Position in Patch-Type Monitoring Sensors for Reconstructing 12-Lead ECG Signals with Universal Transformation Coefficient

Figures

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  Figure 1. Locations and numberings of the electrodes on the subject’s chest.

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  Figure 2. Calculation of the chest leads from four electrodes.

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  Figure 3. Electrode combination that showed the highest CC for each shape; (a) all electrode combinations, (b) 5 cm × 5 cm square shape combination, (c) 10 cm × 10 cm square shape combinations, and (d) right-angled triangular shape combinations.

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  Figure 4. CC and root mean square error (RMSE) values of the electrode combination that showed the highest CC for each shape.

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  Figure 5. Bland-Altman plot of the reconstructed 12-lead ECG signal from the model that showed highest CC in minCC approach: (a) 5 × 5 square, (b) 10 × 10 square, and (c) right-angled triangular shape.

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  Figure 6. CCs of each reconstructed 12-lead ECG signal at the location that showed the highest CC: (a) all combinations, (b) 5 × 5 square, (c) 10 × 10 square, and (d) right-angled triangle. The red line indicates the median value. (upper column: CCmean approach, lower column: CCmin approach).

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  Figure 7. Reconstruction quality when considering the robustness of position: (a) colored map obtained by using the mean CC value, (b) colored map obtained by using the min CC value, and (c) reconstruction quality of the 60 triangular shapes according to the electrode position. The red-dotted line indicates the suggested position.