Emergence of a Similariton with a Functionally Distinct Profile in Optical Fibers

The functional form that best reproduces the profile of a new type of similariton has been identified and validated by functional fitting of similariton profiles obtained through numerical simulations. It is shown that a new type of similaritons formed in a passive single-mode optical fiber under the combined influence of nonlinearity and anomalous dispersion exhibits a temporal profile of a two-sided exponential pulse of the form exp(–∣t∣), characterized by a sharp peak and a broad base typical of this function. Specific boundary conditions have been established that determine the fiber and input pulse parameters - depending on the initial input shape - ensuring the self-shaping of such pulses and their stable self-similar propagation along the fiber. The presented results were obtained for three types of input profiles: Gaussian, hyperbolic secant, and super-Gaussian.