A detailed description of the use of ion implantation to create optical waveguides in laser crystals is given. Calculated mode profiles and lasing thresholds are shown to be in good agreement with experimental results in a monolithic planar waveguide Nd:YAG laser. The first fabrication and characterization of ion implanted channel waveguides in Nd:YAG is also reported.>
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Field et al. (1991) studied this question.
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