Impact of Allopurinol on early and one-year outcomes of patients with ST-elevation myocardial infarction undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention: A randomized controlled trial

Purpose : Due to the potential benefits of allopurinol in ischemic reperfusion injury, this randomized control trial was performed to evaluate the pretreatment allopurinol effect on major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) in patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). Methods : A randomized controlled trial was performed on 170 first-time STEMI patients undergoing pPCI. Before the pPCI, patients in intervention group (n=85) received 300 mg dose of allopurinol and control group (n=85) received placebo. Then, for the next 28 days, 100 mg of allopurinol was given to allopurinol group and placebo to the other group. Patients were compared regarding the baseline characteristics, clinical findings and one-year MACE. Results : Our findings showed that patients receiving allopurinol had significantly longer door-to-balloon time than the control group (60.76 ± 19.38 vs. 50.06 ± 16.38 P-value: 0.001). During one year of follow-up, HF, CVA and mortality occurred more frequently in allopurinol group but differences were not statistically significant. No significant difference was also seen between the two groups regarding MACE during follow-up or hospitalization (p-value: 0.179, 0.330 respectively). Kaplan-Meier curve could not show a significant difference between the two groups in terms of mortality and MACE (P-value: 0.317 and 0.128 respectively). Conclusion : According to findings of this trial allopurinol had no cardioprotective effect against adverse cardiovascular events or death in patients undergoing pPCI.