Why the study?
The immunopathogenesis of chronic allograft rejection remains poorly understood, explaining the absence of effective non-invasive detection methods.
This review highlights the emerging role of the microbiome and microvesicles in modulating the immune response and chronic allograft rejection in heart transplant recipients.
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Microbiota-immune interactions in chronic cardiac allograft rejection remain underexplored; hypothesis-generating and leaves open non-invasive diagnostics.
Currently, heart transplantation is the key treatment for patients with end-stage heart failure. At the same time, the immunopathogenesis of chronic allograft rejection, which is a key factor in the long-term outcome, is still poorly understood, which, in turn, explains the absence of effective non-invasive methods for its detection. This review discusses up-to-date aspects of the interaction between the microbiota and immune system factors leading to inflammation and T-cell polarization, and their participation in heart transplant rejection. Special attention is paid to the role of microvesicles in immune response modulation within heart transplant rejection.
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Головкин et al. (2022) studied this question.
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