The Influence Rules of Illumination Light Source Color Parameters on the Color Trueness of Chinese Painting and its Mathematical Model

Museum lighting design is crucial for showcasing traditional culture, especially colorful Chinese paintings with rich historical significance. However, due to protection requirements for light-sensitive relics, the current light environment in the Chinese painting exhibition hall is too dark for accurate color restoration. In this study, the influence of light source color parameters on the color trueness of Chinese paintings and its mathematical model were obtained through the psychophysical experiments on color perception of four typical Chinese paintings under different lighting parameters (including fidelity index Rf, color gamut index Rg, red and yellow chroma shift Rcs,h1, Rcs,h5) in a museum exhibition hall laboratory. Based on this, the recommended value range of light source color parameters is given, that is, Rf ≥ 85, 90≤ Rg ≤ 100, Rcs, h1 ≤ 0, Rcs,h5 are around 0. This research conclusion can provide a theoretical basis for improving the color trueness of Chinese paintings in museum lighting.