The best ratio is 1:1:3 for the components Yb, K, and binaphthol in the new heterobimetallic complex, which efficiently catalyzes an asymmetric nitro-Mannich-type reaction. The desired nitro-Mannich products 2 are obtained with up to 91 % ee starting from N-phosphinoyl imines 1.
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Yamada et al. (1999) studied this question.