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Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tear is a frequent orthopaedic injury. ACL reconstruction, both in humans and animals, is more developed than in past decades. Many experimental and clinical trial studies have been performed, using various grafts with several different techniques, aiming to improve ACL reconstruction. However, there is still a large gap between the present treatment modalities and the final outcome in patients who have had ACL reconstructive surgery. The autograft bone-patellar tendon-bone complex and hamstring tendon grafts are the gold standard graft types for ACL reconstruction. This review introduces graft options and discusses advantages, disadvantages, and outcomes. Bone tunnel healing, strategies to enhance the bone tunnel healing, and the future of ACL reconstruction also are briefly described.
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Oryan et al. (2013) studied this question.
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