Blood glucose regulation using higher‐order sliding mode control

Diabetes is discussed as a serious condition in which the body's production and use of insulin are impaired, causing glucose concentration level to increase in the bloodstream. In this paper, higher‐order sliding mode control techniques, in specific prescribed convergence law, quasi‐continuous and super‐twisting control algorithms, are used to robustly stabilize the glucose concentration level of a diabetic patient in presence of the parameter variations and meal disturbance. The structure of the proposed higher‐order sliding mode controllers is appropriate for making the insulin delivery pumps in closed‐loop control of diabetes. A computer simulation is performed to manifest the theoretical analysis. The super‐twisting algorithm is employed to attenuate the effect of chattering and obtain continuous control in the simulations. The efficiency of the proposed controller, i.e. robustness and high accuracy, in presence of physical disturbances like food intake and parametric uncertainties is verified via simulations.