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Optical beam propagators are derived from the Maxwell wave equation for a refractively biaxial medium. The propagators carry fields polarized nearly parallel to the fields of their ray optic analogues and are specialized for three cases of wavevector direction: general directions, coincident with an optic axis, and nearly parallel to an optic axis. Numerical illustrations using a Gaussian beam show diffractive counterparts of the ray optic effects of double refraction, internal conical refraction, and the transition between the two.
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M. A. Dreger (1999) studied this question.
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