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A detailed experimental temperature dependence of the subgap current of high-quality Nb/Al-AlOx/Nb Josephson tunnel junctions is reported. The presence of a pronounced current rise at V≂Δ/e is observed. Comparison with the theoretical model for two-particle tunneling is performed, but a substantial disagreement is found. At V<Δ/e the measured current is in remarkably good agreement with the single particle tunneling predictions down to 2 K.
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Monaco et al. (1992) studied this question.
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