Association Between Alzheimer’s Disease and Apoe Gene Genotypic Polymorphisms: Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

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Introduction-Alzheimer's disease (AD) is classified as neurodegenerative, progressive and irreversible and is clinically characterized by a progressive decline in neurological functions. Objective-To evaluate the association among the genotypic variations of the APOE gene with Alzheimer's Disease. Methods-This is a systematic review and meta-analysis, and, according to the inclusion criteria, 59 articles were selected from the PubMed, Latin American and Caribbean Literature in Health Sciences (LILACS) and Scientific databases Electronic Library Online (SciELO) and of this total, 22 contributed data for systematic review and meta-analysis. Statistical tests were performed with the aid of the STATA 16.0 software, considering the significance limit equal to 5% (p-value = 0.05). Thus, the DerSimonian-Laird and Mantel Haenszel tests were applied according to heterogeneity, for the evaluation of Odds Ratios (OR). Results-The results showed an association of predisposition to the development of AD, considering the genotypes 34 and 44, respectively OR = 2.63 (95% CI = 2.18-318) and OR = 5.37 (95% CI = 3.57-8.08), on the other hand, the genotypes 23 and 33, showed association as a protective factor against AD, respectively OR = 0.49 (95% CI = 0.42-0.57) and OR = 0.53 (95% CI = 0.42-0.68). Conclusion-The present meta-analysis showed a strong association of risk to AD when the genotype 44 and genotype 34 were evaluated, on the other hand, there was an association of protection to AD for 23 and 33. The other genotypes showed no association.