Total Synthesis of Brevetoxin A: Part 3: Construction of GHIJ and BCDE Ring Systems

Pivotal intermediates in the total synthesis of brevetoxin A are the BCDE and the GHIJ ring systems. Several of the previously developed methodologies such as hydroxy epoxide cyclizations, hydroxy dithioketal cyclizations, and Pd-catalyzed coupling with bis(cyclic ketene acetal phosphates) were employed to achieve these synthetic goals.