“Writing–Reading–Erasing” on Tungsten Oxide Films Using the Scanning Electrochemical Microscope

A read–write–erase system for micropatterning tungsten oxide films is reported here. The Figure shows blue spots of tungsten bronze formed locally on tungsten oxide film by locally generating a reductant close to the film. The process utilizes the scanning electrochemical microscope (SECM) not only to inject charge but also to study its propagation inside the film.