Comparative study on the effect of chemical mutagens of sodium azideand di-ethyl sulfate on improving morphological traits and yield components of Borgo officinalis L, plant

Borage seeds were soaked in different doses of sodium azide (SA) and di-ethyl sulphate (DES), at 0.1,0.2,0.3 and 0.4% for 6 hrs., M2 seeds were harvested from M1 plants.In MG1 it was found that most SA doses increased plant height and stem thickness. SA at 0.3% & 0.4%, increased the ramification of main branches and enhanced leaves formation, leaf area, FW and DW of leaves, DW /FW ratios and root length. SA 0.3% was more effective than 0.4% and SA 0.2% increased the root number. Whereas, in MG2, SA 0.3 % significantly increased most morphological traits, but stem thickness responded well to SA at 0.1% and No. of branches was increased with SA 0.4 %. A great improvement in the formation of leaves obtained with SA 0.3%.The leaves DW/FW ratios, showed a positive response to SA 0.1 and 0.3% Concerning DES effects in MG1 and 2, the results in MG1revealed that all doses increased plant height and stem diameter and 0.4% DES produced the tallest and highest No. of branches and at 0.1% gave thickest stems . Applying DES 0.3% greatly improved the formation of leaves and the largest leaf area was recorded with 2000 ppm DES.