The results of this study suggest that anesthetics administered to mothers during delivery affect infants' autonomic function for at least 8 postnatal months. Under repeated auditory stimulation, those infants born without medication tended to show heart rate deceleration (orienting reflex) whereas those born under medication shifted from initial deceleration to acceleration (defense reflex).
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Yvonne Brackbill (1977) studied this question.
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