Electrochemical synthesis of dimethyl carbonate from methanol, CO₂ and propylene oxide in an ionic liquid

BACKGROUND: Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) can be used effectively as an environmentally benign substitute for highly toxic phosgene and dimethyl sulfate in carbonylation and methylation, as well as a promising octane booster owing to its high oxygen content. Two‐step transesterification from epoxide, methanol, and CO 2 is widely used in the bulk production of DMC. However, major disadvantages of this process are high energy consumption, and high investment and production costs. A one pot synthesis of DMC from carbon dioxide, methanol, and epoxide was, therefore, developed. But the yields of DMC are below 70% due to the thermodynamic limitation. RESULTS: Electrochemical synthesis of DMC was conducted with platinum electrodes from methanol, CO 2 and propylene oxide in an ionic liquid was conducted. The bmimBr (1‐butyl‐3‐methylimidazolium bromide)‐methanol‐propylene oxide system with CO 2 bubbling allows DMC to be effectively synthesized and a high yield (75.5%) was achieved. CONCLUSION: In this electrolysis, redox reactions of substrates, CO 2 , methanol, and propylene oxide, on Pt electrodes were carried out, producing the activated particles, CH 3 O − , CH 3 OH + , CO 2 − and PO − , resulting in the effective synthesis of DMC with a 75.5% yield in an ionic liquid (bmimBr). Finally, a mechanism for this synthesis reaction was proposed, which is very different from those reported in the literature.