Key result
An infrared webcam-based non-contact system measuring event-related pupillary responses achieved 80% classification performance for mental workload states, compared to 73% for traditional ERPs.
Why the study?
Event-related potential measurement is widely used, but the requirement for sensor attachment limits its application.
Can an infrared webcam-based non-contact system accurately measure event-related potentials via event-related pupillary responses to assess mental workload in healthy volunteers?
Observational (n=32)
Can an infrared webcam-based non-contact system accurately measure event-related potentials via event-related pupillary responses to assess mental workload in healthy volunteers?
Absolute Event Rate: 80% vs 73%
An infrared webcam-based non-contact system can successfully determine event-related potential components via pupillary responses for mental workload monitoring without the need for sensor attachment.
May support non-contact workload monitoring in healthy volunteers; leaves open clinical validation and real-world utility.
The event-related potential (ERP) technique is widely used in various fields, but the requirement for sensor attachment limits its application. The aim of this study was to develop an infrared (IR) webcam-based, non-contact system to obtain the amplitudes and latencies of ERP via measurement of event-related pupillary responses (ErPRs) from pupillary rhythms. A total of 32 healthy volunteers participated in this study, and they were required to perform the three levels of mental arithmetic tasks to induce mental workloads (MWLs). ERPs and ErPR were measured by ERP task for the different MWL states and compared based on statistical analysis, classification, correlation, and Bland–Altman plot. Both ERP and ErPR amplitudes and latencies for the three MWL states were revealed by one-way repeated measures analysis of variance to be statistically significantly different. Furthermore, the ERP and ErPR data were found to have 73 and 80% classification performances, respectively, using k-nearest neighbour (10-fold cross validation, n = 96). Correlation coefficients between ERP and ErPR features, which were in the range of 0.642–0.734, indicated good or strong correlation, and good agreement between the indices from these two types of experimental measurement indices was apparent in Bland–Altman plots. An advanced method for IR-webcam-based non-contact determination of ERP components via ErPR measurement was successfully developed, and it was demonstrated that this technique can be used for ERP component monitoring using a low-cost, non-invasive, and easily implemented IR webcam without the burden of sensor attachment.
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Kim et al. (2022) conducted an observational in Healthy volunteers (n=32). Infrared webcam-based non-contact measurement of event-related pupillary responses (ErPRs) vs. Event-related potential (ERP) measurement was evaluated on Classification performance for mental workload states. An infrared webcam-based non-contact system measuring event-related pupillary responses achieved 80% classification performance for mental workload states, compared to 73% for traditional ERPs.
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