Aortic Stiffness Is an Independent Determinant of B-Type Natriuretic Peptide in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Previous studies demonstrated that the B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) level is high in some patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) despite a preserved left ventricular function, although the mechanism underlying this increase in patients with CAD has not been fully elucidated. Because aortic stiffness is greater in patients with CAD and increases with CAD severity, there is a possibility that an increased aortic stiffness in turn increases the elevation of the BNP level in patients with CAD. In this study, we measured BNP level and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV) in 134 patients with CAD, and evaluated the relationship between BNP and baPWV. The patients were classified on the basis of the quartiles of BNP level to identify the characteristics of patients with a high BNP level. baPWV was significantly greater in patients classified into the highest quartile of BNP level than in those classified into the other quartiles. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that baPWV and left ventricular ejection fraction independently correlated with BNP level. Logistic regression analysis demonstrated that the odds ratio for the highest quartile of BNP level increased with baPWV quartile. This association remained significant after adjustment for systolic and diastolic function. In conclusion, increased aortic stiffness possibly underlies the increase in the BNP level in patients with CAD.