Speech Characteristics of Patients with Parkinson’s Disease: I. Intensity, Pitch, and Duration

No AccessJournal of Speech and Hearing DisordersResearch Article1 Aug 1963Speech Characteristics of Patients with Parkinson's Disease: I. Intensity, Pitch, and Duration Gerald J. Canter Gerald J. Canter Google Scholar https://doi.org/10.1044/jshd.2803.221 SectionsAboutPDF ToolsAdd to favoritesDownload CitationTrack Citations ShareFacebookTwitterLinked In Additional Resources FiguresReferencesRelatedDetailsCited byJournal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research65:4 (1402-1415)4 Apr 2022Longitudinal Effects of Parkinson's Disease on Speech Breathing During an Extemporaneous Connected Speech TaskMeghan Darling-White, Zeina Anspach and Jessica E. Huber Journal of Voice1 Jan 2021Acoustic Analysis of Intonation in Persons With Parkinson's Disease Receiving Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation and Intensive Voice TreatmentQiang Li, Kelly Millard, John Tetnowski, Shalini Narayana and Michael Cannito Journal of Neural Transmission128:5 (645-657)1 May 2021Evaluation of multi-feature auditory deviance detection in Parkinson's disease: a mismatch negativity studyEvelien De Groote, Annelies Bockstael, Dick Botteldooren, Patrick Santens and Miet De Letter Speech Communication126 (44-60)1 Feb 2021Acoustic differences in emotional speech of people with dysarthriaLubna Alhinti, Heidi Christensen and Stuart Cunningham Elliott D. Ross (2021) Disorders of vocal emotional expression and comprehension: The aprosodias Disorders of Emotion in Neurologic Disease10.1016/B978-0-12-822290-4.00005-0 Journal of Clinical Neuroscience1 Jan 2020Voice changes in Parkinson's disease: What are they telling us?Andrew Ma, Kenneth K Lau and Dominic Thyagarajan Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research63:9 (3208-3214)15 Sep 2020Acuity to Changes in Self-Generated Vocal Pitch in Parkinson's DiseaseDefne Abur and Cara E. Stepp Jason A. Whitfield (2020) Sources of Intraspeaker Variation in Parkinsonian Speech Related to Speaking Style Automatic Assessment of Parkinsonian Speech10.1007/978-3-030-65654-6_2 Jody Kreiman and Bruce R. Gerratt (2020) Acoustic Analysis and Voice Quality in Parkinson Disease Automatic Assessment of Parkinsonian Speech10.1007/978-3-030-65654-6_1 Laureano Moro-Velazquez and Najim Dehak (2020) A Review of the Use of Prosodic Aspects of Speech for the Automatic Detection and Assessment of Parkinson's Disease Automatic Assessment of Parkinsonian Speech10.1007/978-3-030-65654-6_3 Perspectives of the ASHA Special Interest Groups4:5 (825-841)31 Oct 2019Research-Based Updates in Swallowing and Communication Dysfunction in Parkinson Disease: Implications for Evaluation and ManagementC. K. Broadfoot, D. Abur, J. D. Hoffmeister, C. E. Stepp and M. R. Ciucci The Japanese Journal of Rehabilitation Medicine56:3 (209-212)18 Mar 2019Speech and Voice Disorders in Parkinson's Diseaseパーキンソン病の音声障害Takashi Maeno and Chihiro Oda Ahmad Habbie Thias, Isca Amanda, Jessika, Navila Akhsanil Fitri, Raih Rona Althof, Suksmandhira Harimurti, Widyawardana Adiprawita and Isa Anshori (2019) Preliminary Study on Machine Learning Application for Parkinson's Disease Diagnosis 2019 Asia Pacific Conference on Research in Industrial and Systems Engineering (APCoRISE)10.1109/APCoRISE46197.2019.9318828978-1-7281-1554-2 Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity2018 (1-17)27 Jun 2018Rutin as a Potent Antioxidant: Implications for Neurodegenerative DisordersAdaze Bijou Enogieru, William Haylett, Donavon Charles Hiss, Soraya Bardien and Okobi Eko Ekpo Wentao Gu, Ping Fan and Weiguo Liu (2018) Acoustic Analysis of Mandarin Speech in Parkinson's Disease with the Effects of Levodopa Studies on Speech Production10.1007/978-3-030-00126-1_19 Neurodegenerative Disease Management8:5 (337-348)1 Oct 2018Speech disorders in Parkinson's disease: pathophysiology, medical management and surgical approachesKhashayar Dashtipour, Ali Tafreshi, Jessica Lee and Brianna Crawley Dementia and Geriatric Cognitive Disorders46:3-4 (207-216)An Informant-Based Simple Questionnaire for Language Assessment in Neurodegenerative DisordersChi-Mo Lin, Guang-Uei Hung, Cheng-Yu Wei, Ray-Chang Tzeng and Pai-Yi Chiu Methods151 (41-54)1 Dec 2018Speech analysis for health: Current state-of-the-art and the increasing impact of deep learningNicholas Cummins, Alice Baird and Björn W. Schuller Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research60:3 (507-524)1 Mar 2017Laryngeal Aerodynamics in Healthy Older Adults and Adults With Parkinson's DiseaseDeborah Matheron, Elaine T. Stathopoulos, Jessica E. Huber and Joan E. SussmanJournal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research60:9 (2506-2518)18 Sep 2017A Cross-Language Study of Acoustic Predictors of Speech Intelligibility in Individuals With Parkinson's DiseaseYunjung Kim and Yaelin Choi Thomas Holtgraves and Magda Giordano (2017) Parkinson's Disease Without Dementia Research in Clinical Pragmatics10.1007/978-3-319-47489-2_15 Journal of allied health sciences8:1 (80-88)Voice and speech treatment of Parkinson's diseaseYasuhiro Tanaka, Takashi Tsuboi, June S. Levitt, Mayu Tanaka, Noriyoshi Tanaka, Hirohisa Watanabe and Masahisa Katsuno IEEE Access5 (22199-22208)Assessment of Speech Intelligibility in Parkinson's Disease Using a Speech-To-Text SystemGiovanni Dimauro, Vincenzo Di Nicola, Vitoantonio Bevilacqua, Danilo Caivano and Francesco Girardi Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research59:5 (915-931)1 Oct 2016The Relationship Between Speech Production and Speech Perception Deficits in Parkinson's DiseaseKim De Keyser, Patrick Santens, Annelies Bockstael, Dick Botteldooren, Durk Talsma, Stefanie De Vos, Mieke Van Cauwenberghe, Femke Verheugen, Paul Corthals and Miet De LetterJournal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research59:4 (631-646)1 Aug 2016Clear Speech Variants: An Acoustic Study in Parkinson's DiseaseJennifer Lam and Kris Tjaden Neurología (English Edition)31:7 (466-472)1 Sep 2016Speech rate in Parkinson's disease: A controlled studyF. Martínez-Sánchez, J.J.G. Meilán, J. Carro, C. Gómez Íñiguez, L. Millian-Morell, I.M. Pujante Valverde, T. López-Alburquerque and D.E. López Róisín McNaney, Mohammad Othman, Dan Richardson, Paul Dunphy, Telmo Amaral, Nick Miller, Helen Stringer, Patrick Olivier and John Vines (2016) Speeching CHI'16: CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems10.1145/2858036.285832197814503336277 May 2016 Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine127 (301-317)1 Apr 2016Prosodic analysis of neutral, stress-modified and rhymed speech in patients with Parkinson's diseaseZoltan Galaz, Jiri Mekyska, Zdenek Mzourek, Zdenek Smekal, Irena Rektorova, Ilona Eliasova, Milena Kostalova, Martina Mrackova and Dagmar Berankova Giovanni Dimauro, Danilo Caivano, Vitoantonio Bevilacqua, Francesco Girardi and Vito Napoletano (2016) VoxTester, software for digital evaluation of speech changes in Parkinson disease 2016 IEEE International Symposium on Medical Measurements and Applications (MeMeA)10.1109/MeMeA.2016.7533761978-1-4673-9172-6 A. Bourouhou, A. Jilbab, C. Nacir and A. Hammouch (2016) Comparison of classification methods to detect the Parkinson disease 2016 International Conference on Electrical and Information Technologies (ICEIT)10.1109/EITech.2016.7519634978-1-4673-8469-8 D. Meghraoui, B. Boudraa, T. Merazi Meksen and M. Boudraa (2016) Features dimensionality reduction and multi-dimensional voice processing program to Parkinson disease discrimination 2016 4th International Conference on Control Engineering & Information Technology (CEIT)10.1109/CEIT.2016.7929107978-1-5090-1055-4 Neurología31:7 (466-472)1 Sep 2016Estudio controlado del ritmo del habla en la enfermedad de ParkinsonF. Martínez-Sánchez, J.J.G. Meilán, J. Carro, C. Gómez Íñiguez, L. Millian-Morell, I.M. Pujante Valverde, T. López-Alburquerque and D.E. López Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience28:4 (621-635)1 Apr 2016The Neural Basis of Vocal Pitch Imitation in HumansMichel Belyk, Peter Q. Pfordresher, Mario Liotti and Steven Brown Journal of Parkinson's Disease5:3 (517-524)Quantitative Analysis of Voice in Parkinson Disease Compared to Motor Performance: A Pilot StudyAlice K. Silbergleit, Peter A. LeWitt, Edward L. Peterson and Glendon M. Gardner Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics29:12 (938-954)2 Dec 2015Relationship between acoustic measures and speech naturalness ratings in Parkinson's disease: A within-speaker approachMarie Klopfenstein Computer Speech & Language29:1 (172-185)1 Jan 2015Fully automated assessment of the severity of Parkinson's disease from speechAlireza Bayestehtashk, Meysam Asgari, Izhak Shafran and James McNames Journal of Voice29:3 (273-280)1 May 2015An Aerodynamic Study of Phonations in Patients With Parkinson Disease (PD)Yukiko Ikui, Haruko Nakamura, Daisuke Sano, Hiroshi Hyakusoku, Hitaru Kishida, Yosuke Kudo, Hideto Joki, Shigeru Koyano, Akihito Yamauchi, Shingo Takano, Niro Tayama, Hajime Hirose, Nobuhiko Oridate and Fumiaki Tanaka Journal of Communication Disorders52 (44-64)1 Nov 2014The effect of increased vocal intensity on interarticulator timing in speakers with Parkinson's disease: A preliminary analysisKelly Richardson, Joan E. Sussman, Elaine T. Stathopoulos and Jessica E. Huber Parkinsonism & Related Disorders20:10 (1065-1070)1 Oct 2014The impact of STN deep brain stimulation on speech in individuals with Parkinson's disease: The patient's perspectiveJeffrey Wertheimer, Ann Y. Gottuso, Miriam Nuno, Carol Walton, Aurore Duboille, Margaret Tuchman and Lorraine Ramig NeuroImage: Clinical4 (82-97)Pathomechanisms and compensatory efforts related to Parkinsonian speechChristiane Arnold, Johannes Gehrig, Suzana Gispert, Carola Seifried and Christian A. Kell Jorge Proença, Arlindo Veiga, Sara Candeias, João Lemos, Cristina Januário and Fernando Perdigão (2014) Characterizing Parkinson's Disease Speech by Acoustic and Phonetic Features Computational Processing of the Portuguese Language10.1007/978-3-319-09761-9_3 Journal of Neural Transmission120:2 (319-329)1 Feb 2013Evaluation of speech impairment in early stages of Parkinson's disease: a prospective study with the role of pharmacotherapyJan Rusz, Roman Čmejla, Hana Růžičková, Jiří Klempíř, Veronika Majerová, Jana Picmausová, Jan Roth and Evžen Růžička Neurologia i Neurochirurgia Polska47:3 (263-270)Charakter zaburzeń mowy w chorobie ParkinsonaWioletta Pawlukowska, Krystyna Honczarenko and Monika Gołąb-Janowska Journal of Clinical Neuroscience19:8 (1125-1129)1 Aug 2012A study of voice profiles and acoustic signs in patients with Parkinson's disease in North IndiaJayam P Lazarus, Deepti Vibha, K.K. Handa, Sumit Singh, Vinay Goyal, Trilochan Srivastava, Vijay Aggarwal and Madhuri Behari Parkinson's Disease2012 (1-10)Effect of Deep Brain Stimulation on Speech Performance in Parkinson's DiseaseSabine Skodda Journal of Neurolinguistics25:2 (104-120)1 Mar 2012Some prosodic characteristics of parkinsonian French speech: Effects of bilateral stimulation of the subthalamic nucleusDanielle Duez, Ludovic Jankowski, Alain Purson and François Viallet Basal Ganglia2:1 (49-54)1 Mar 2012Effects of levodopa and deep brain stimulation on motor speech performance in Parkinson's diseaseSabine Skodda, Uwe Schlegel, Martin Südmeyer, Alfons Schnitzler and Lars Wojtecki Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research55:5 (1472-1484)1 Oct 2012Characterizing Intonation Deficit in Motor Speech Disorders: An Autosegmental–Metrical Analysis of Spontaneous Speech in Hypokinetic Dysarthria, Ataxic Dysarthria, and Foreign Accent SyndromeAnja Lowit and Anja Kuschmann Neurodegenerative Disease Management2:5 (535-545)1 Oct 2012Analysis of voice and speech performance in Parkinson's disease: a promising tool for the monitoring of disease progression and differential diagnosisSabine Skodda Jiri Mekyska, Irena Rektorova and Zdenek Smekal (2011) Selection of optimal parameters for automatic analysis of speech disorders in Parkinson's disease 2011 34th International Conference on Telecommunications and Signal Processing (TSP)10.1109/TSP.2011.6043700978-1-4577-1410-8 Parkinson's Disease2011 (1-12)High-Level Language Production in Parkinson's Disease: A ReviewLori J. P. Altmann and Michelle S. Troche International Journal of Speech-Language Pathology13:4 (329-334)1 Aug 2011Spectral measures of the effects of Friedreich's ataxia on speechKristin M. Rosen, Joanne E. Folker, Bruce E. Murdoch, Adam P. Vogel, Louise M. Cahill, Martin B. Delatycki and Louise A. Corben Journal of Voice25:1 (76-82)1 Jan 2011Gender-Related Patterns of Dysprosody in Parkinson Disease and Correlation Between Speech Variables and Motor SymptomsSabine Skodda, Wenke Visser and Uwe Schlegel Movement Disorders26:1 (59-64)1 Jan 2011Instability of syllable repetition as a marker of disease progression in Parkinson's disease: A longitudinal studySabine Skodda, Andrea Flasskamp and Uwe Schlegel Journal of Voice25:4 (e199-e205)1 Jul 2011Intonation and Speech Rate in Parkinson's Disease: General and Dynamic Aspects and Responsiveness to Levodopa AdmissionSabine Skodda, Wenke Grönheit and Uwe Schlegel The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America129:1 (350-367)1 Jan 2011Quantitative acoustic measurements for characterization of speech and voice disorders in early untreated Parkinson's diseaseJ. Rusz, R. Cmejla, H. Ruzickova and E. Ruzicka Parkinson's Disease2011 (1-11)Perception of Speech by Individuals with Parkinson's Disease: A ReviewLorinda C. Kwan and Tara L. Whitehill Journal of Voice25:6 (725-731)1 Nov 2011Acoustical Analysis of Speech in Progressive Supranuclear PalsySabine Skodda, Wenke Visser and Uwe Schlegel Journal of Voice25:2 (208-217)1 Mar 2011Acoustic Analysis of Voice in Huntington's Disease PatientsMaría Jesús Velasco García, Ignacio Cobeta, Gonzalo Martín, Hortensia Alonso-Navarro and Félix Javier Jimenez-Jimenez Journal of the Neurological Sciences310:1-2 (231-236)1 Nov 2011Aspects of speech rate and regularity in Parkinson's diseaseSabine Skodda Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research54:1 (19-32)1 Feb 2011The Intonation–Syntax Interface in the Speech of Individuals With Parkinson's DiseaseMegan K. MacPherson, Jessica E. Huber and David P. SnowJournal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research54:2 (417-429)1 Apr 2011An Acoustic Study of the Relationships Among Neurologic Disease, Dysarthria Type, and Severity of DysarthriaYunjung Kim, Raymond D. Kent and Gary Weismer Journal of Neural Transmission117:5 (605-612)1 May 2010Instability of syllable repetition as a model for impaired motor processing: is Parkinson's disease a "rhythm disorder"?Sabine Skodda, Andrea Flasskamp and Uwe Schlegel Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society16:1 (49-57)1 Jan 2010Listener impressions of speakers with Parkinson's diseaseABHISHEK JAYWANT and MARC D. PELL Journal of Communication Disorders43:1 (21-34)1 Jan 2010Voice onset time in Parkinson diseaseEmily Fischer and Alexander M. Goberman Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research53:4 (836-849)1 Aug 2010Intonation Contrast in Cantonese Speakers With Hypokinetic Dysarthria Associated With Parkinson's DiseaseJoan K.-Y. Ma, Tara L. Whitehill and Susanne Y.-S. SoJournal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research53:5 (1167-1177)1 Oct 2010Voice and Fluency Changes as a Function of Speech Task and Deep Brain StimulationDiana Van Lancker Sidtis, Tiffany Rogers, Violette Godier, Michele Tagliati and John J. Sidtis Perceptual and Motor Skills110:3 (965-982)1 Jun 2010Speech Rate Treatments for Individuals with Dysarthria: A TutorialPaul G. Blanchet and Gregory J. Snyder Movement Disorders24:5 (716-722)15 Apr 2009Progression of dysprosody in Parkinson's disease over time-A longitudinal studySabine Skodda, Heiko Rinsche and Uwe Schlegel Cortex45:8 (982-990)1 Sep 2009Non-motor basal ganglia functions: A review and proposal for a model of sensory predictability in auditory language perceptionSonja A. Kotz, Michael Schwartze and Maren Schmidt-Kassow Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research52:1 (206-222)1 Feb 2009Acoustic and Perceptual Cues to Contrastive Stress in DysarthriaRupal Patel and Pamela Campellone Expert Review of Neurotherapeutics8:2 (297-309)1 Feb 2008Speech treatment for Parkinson's diseaseLorraine O Ramig, Cynthia Fox and Shimon Sapir Movement Disorders23:7 (985-992)15 May 2008Speech rate and rhythm in Parkinson's diseaseSabine Skodda and Uwe Schlegel Journal of Voice22:2 (178-191)1 Mar 2008Fundamental Frequency Change During Offset and Onset of Voicing in Individuals with Parkinson DiseaseAlexander M. Goberman and Michael Blomgren Journal of Voice22:3 (365-372)1 May 2008Effects of Bilateral Subthalamic Nucleus Stimulation and Medication on Parkinsonian Speech ImpairmentLucia D'Alatri, Gaetano Paludetti, M. Fiorella Contarino, Stefania Galla, Maria Raffaella Marchese and Anna Rita Bentivoglio Asia Pacific Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing11:2 (89-102)1 Jun 2008Outcomes of Voice Training in Clients with Parkinson's DiseaseJaiprakash Gupta, Dominique Scholl and Robyn Toynton Asia Pacific Journal of Speech, Language and Hearing11:4 (205-219)1 Dec 2008An Autosegmental-Metrical Investigation of Intonation in People with Parkinson's DiseaseIneke Mennen, Felix Schaeffler, Niall Watt and Nick Miller American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology17:4 (348-355)1 Nov 2008The Effect of Fundamental Frequency on the Intelligibility of Speech With Flattened Intonation ContoursPeter J. Watson and Robert S. Schlauch Clinical Neurology and Neurosurgery109:6 (495-500)1 Jul 2007The effect of levodopa on respiration and word intelligibility in people with advanced Parkinson's diseaseMiet De Letter, Patrick Santens, Marc De Bodt, Georges Van Maele, John Van Borsel and Paul Boon Lorraine Olson Ramig, Cynthia Fox and Shimon Sapir (2007) Speech disorders in Parkinson's disease and the effects of pharmacological, surgical and speech treatment with emphasis on Lee Silverman voice treatment (LSVT®) Parkinson's Disease and Related Disorders, Part I10.1016/S0072-9752(07)83017-X Journal of Neurolinguistics20:3 (221-241)1 May 2007An acoustic investigation of Parkinsonian speech in linguistic and emotional contextsHenry S. Cheang and Marc D. Pell Clinical Linguistics & Phonetics20:1 (19-33)1 Jan 2006Speech production in Parkinson's disease: II. Acoustic and electropalatographic investigation of sentence, word and segment durationsMegan J. Mcauliffe, Elizabeth C. Ward and Bruce E. Murdoch Journal of Multilingual Communication Disorders4:1 (45-57)1 Jan 2006Syllable structure, syllable duration and final lengthening in Parkinsonian French speechDanielle Duez Folia Phoniatrica et Logopaedica58:2 (114-131)Comparison of Speaking Rate, Articulation Rate and Alternating Motion Rate in Dysarthric SpeakersMasaki Nishio and Seiji Niimi Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Research49:2 (395-411)1 Apr 2006Parametric Quantitative Acoustic Analysis of Conversation Produced by Speakers With Dysarthria and Healthy SpeakersKristin M. Rosen, Raymond D. Kent, Amy L. Delaney and Joseph R. Duffy Acoustical Science and Technology26:6 (540-543)Evaluation of fundamental frequency (F0) characteristics of speech in dysarthrias: A comparative studyHiroki Mori, Yasunori Kobayashi, Hideki and Hajime Folia Phoniatrica et of Vocal in Parkinson's M. Rosen, Raymond D. Kent and Joseph R. Duffy Journal of Communication May effects of levodopa on word intelligibility in Parkinson's diseaseMiet De Letter, Patrick Santens and John Van Borsel Journal of Communication May analysis of speech in individuals with Parkinson M. Goberman and W. in Communication Science and Mar Speech in Parkinson DiseaseAlexander M. Goberman and Jessica on and Speech and Language Jun and Disorders of on Voice and Voice Mar Function in Individuals With Parkinson's Ramig, Cynthia and Michele Tagliati Movement Apr of on the intelligibility of speech in patients with Parkinson's disease with subthalamic deep brain and Cognitive Brain Oct speech: a review of and Brain and Oct in fundamental frequency speech in and Parkinson's disease: A longitudinal Michael and Peter J. Snyder The Sep for in Parkinson's and Journal of Nov characteristics of Parkinsonian speech: a of early disease progression and T. Michael S. and Peter J. Snyder Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Dec Characteristics of the Contrast in Dysarthria to Patel Brain and Mar of Speech Task on Intelligibility in Dysarthria: A Study of Parkinson's and Van Lancker and Jan in with and Patel Journal of Communication May characteristics of Parkinsonian speech and the and and Michael Clinical Linguistics & Jan rate and in Seiji Niimi Brain and Aug of Bilateral Stimulation of the Subthalamic Nucleus on Parkinsonian P. S. P. and Journal of Dec in vocal intensity in Parkinson's disease M. and William Clinical Linguistics & Jan over time in patients with a study of changes in rate and repetition rate Seiji Niimi Journal of Communication Jan of speech and and surgical on voice and speech in and K Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Aug Preliminary Study of Factors Perception of Rate in Parkinson Tjaden The Aug and Levodopa in Parkinson's Lin, and David G. Journal of Mar measures in diseaseEmily Lin, and David G. Journal of Speech, Language, and Hearing Oct and Speech Characteristics of Persons With Parkinson's Disease and M. M. and William in Geriatric Dec of Speech and Voice Associated with Parkinson's Olson Ramig Clinical Linguistics & Jan speech in Parkinson's disease: A M. Watson and John Journal of Jan voice analysis in patients with Félix Javier Ignacio Cobeta, and Parkinsonism & Related Apr voice analysis in untreated patients with Parkinson's Javier Javier and Ignacio Clinical Linguistics & Jan and in Parkinson's E. Murdoch, C. Y. D. G. and E. C. Journal of Sep voice analysis in patients with Parkinson's disease with Félix Javier and Ignacio Jan of voice on of Parkinson's disease C. L. H. B. M. S. P. A. L. and L. A. J. H. S. P. and H. American Journal of Speech-Language May and of Speech and Voice in and With Parkinson M. Fox and Lorraine Olson Ramig Journal of Clinical and Apr Language, and Speech in A J. M. J. B. and A. Dec the Prosodic in Parkinson's D. Pell Jul of in a Parkinsonian C. H. and J. A. H. and Between and Methods and in Language and Cognitive Feb analysis of a Parkinsonian and Jan impairment in of G. W. and in Clinical Aug in Parkinson's Ward and Voice in the Voice Disorders and Journal of Jun and effect on and I. David Brain and Feb effects of and on E. and C. Journal of Human Communication Dec in Parkinson's Disease: I. Perceptual Speech J. Bruce E. Murdoch and John Brain and Jul characterization of the prosodic in Parkinson's W. A. and Journal of Sep between the Parkinsonian and a and Journal of Sep between the Parkinsonian and a and Journal of Communication Oct and in and R. of Mar and speech production in Parkinson's A. and S. Journal of Human Communication Jun Comparison of the and Spontaneous Speech Intelligibility for Dysarthric Journal of Communication Oct of the of speech bilateral in a with Parkinson's J. Canter and Van Lancker of & Jan in G. L. and J. Medical & Engineering & Mar of speech in Journal of Communication Jan of in the speech of with and of & Jan in Parkinson Disease with Elaine and Seiji Niimi John T. The in Human Communication Studies in Journal of Communication Jun characteristics of with disease R. Journal of Communication Jan and to disorders of speech and Journal of the American Feb and B. Journal of the Neurological Mar of language and E. J. and with Parkinson's H. and H. International Journal of Jan of analysis of and Review of Feb The Speech J. Canter and E. Movement Jul speech impairment in Parkinson's and Expert Review of Aug speech and language of Parkinson's David and Adam P. in Jun Variation in Parkinson's Disease: A Study on Speaking De and Anna De in Rehabilitation Jan a and a in Parkinson's Disease: A and Peter Dec habla de Evaluation & the Jun of the of a for Speech Disorders in Patients With Parkinson's Lin, and to in Aug & American