The Proposal of Investigating the Possible Extraversion Effect in the Neurofeedback

Optimal cognitive functioning is an essential prerequisite of an effective learning. However, during the learning process, in addition to basic cognitive processes and abilities and from the perspective of intrapersonal factors, the personality of the learner significantly influences on his/her learning outcomes. Prior psychological research demonstrated significant differences in teaching methods and learning outcomes between people who have high and low levels of extraversion. This moderating effect of personality is especially visible in certain learning models, such as the operant conditioning. Taking into account the biological basis of cognition and personality, the question is whether it is possible that different personality traits have the effect on the operant conditioning of brainwaves (neurofeedback)? In other words, is it possible to explain the various neurofeedback training results by the moderation effect of personality traits, especially extraversion? Moreover, some critical validation studies have indicated that extraversion might be the cause of various findings on the effectiveness of neurofeedback, since it has not been controlled in these studies. Therefore, the main focus of this review is to present the research proposal for studying the possible extraversion effect in neurofeedback.