Key result
Cancer patients have a two- to sixfold increased risk of developing venous thromboembolism, highlighting the need for adherence to evidence-based prophylactic guidelines in high-risk populations.
This review summarizes the pathogenesis, risk factors, and current guideline recommendations for VTE prophylaxis in cancer patients.
May support VTE prophylaxis adherence in cancer; leaves open optimal regimens pending prospective trials.
Patients with cancer have an increased risk of developing venous thromboembolism (VTE) and the incidence of these events has been increasing over the past decade. Venous thromboembolic events include both deep venous thrombosis and pulmonary embolism. These events contribute to higher morbidity and mortality rates. Understanding the complex pathogenesis of and risk factors for cancer-associated VTE will help guide advanced practitioners to improve outcomes with prophylaxis. The American Society of Clinical Oncology, the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, and the European Society of Medical Oncology have utilized this information and developed evidence-based guidelines for prophylactic management for those who are at highest risk of developing cancer-associated VTE. This review will discuss the impact of cancer-associated VTE as well as its underlying pathogenesis, risk factors, and current recommendations for prophylaxis.
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S. Hawbaker (2012) conducted a review in Cancer-associated venous thromboembolism. Venous thromboembolism prophylaxis was evaluated. Cancer patients have a two- to sixfold increased risk of developing venous thromboembolism, highlighting the need for adherence to evidence-based prophylactic guidelines in high-risk populations.
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