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Electron paramagnetic resonance, X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy, field dependence of magnetization, X‐ray diffraction, and transmission electron microscopy are applied for the characterization of Al‐doped TiO 2 nanopowders with Fe impurities synthesized by the autoclave‐assisted hydrothermal method and annealed in vacuum or in hydrogen. The sizes of the TiO 2 :(Al, Fe) nanoparticles are estimated to be about 10–20 nm. It is proposed that Al ions are presumably placed in the TiO 2 lattice in interstitial positions. Moreover, Fe 3+ ions can occupy tetrahedral positions of Ti 4+ ions as a result of Al‐doping. The results suggest that Al‐doped TiO 2 nanopowders with Fe impurities annealed in vacuum or hydrogen display both intrinsic and extrinsic ferromagnetic properties.
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Yermakov et al. (2020) studied this question.
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