A monostatic pulsed CO2 Doppler lidar operating in a short-pulse (<1 μs), high-pulse-repetition-frequency (≳1 kHz), low-pulse energy (1–10 mJ) mode has been developed for Doppler and return-power measurements within the planetary boundary layer. The system has achieved near-quantum-limited performance, demonstrating a Doppler measurement capability to approximately 5 km with pulse energies of 1–2 mJ.
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Guy N. Pearson (1993) studied this question.
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