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The cytotoxic effect of gramicidin on cultured mammalian cells appeared to be accelerated by 43 °C hyperthermia. With 0.1 μM gramicidin, in medium without serum, cellular inactivation was approximately 16 times faster than at 37 °C and with 0.03 μM gramicidin, 9 times. The pH of the cell medium had no influence on the cytotoxic action of gramicidin at 43 °C.
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J. Haveman (1981) studied this question.
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