Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Heat flux to the material surfaces in the scrape-off layer of a tokamak plasma is investigated experimentally. The time response of heat flux measurement has been improved to 0.2 ms by the recently developed thin-film thermometer. The result shows that the heat flux is calculated from a simple sheath model including secondary electron emission effects even if epithermal electrons are present.
No takes yet. Share an insight, caveat, or question.
Kimura et al. (1978) studied this question.
Synapse has enriched 10 related papers. Consider them for comparative context: