The degeneration of indirect flight muscles in ant and termite queens following rhe loss of their wings has been known for some time (Janet, 1907; Feytaud, 1912). More recently the atrophy of the indirect fight muscles has been reported in flies (Mercier, 1920, 1924, 1928), probably in Dermaptera (Mercier and Poisson, 1923), in aquatic Hemiptera (Fernere, 1914; Poisson, 1924) and in various beetles (Jackson, 1933; Chapman, 1956, 1958; Reid, 1958). Ewer (1954) reported tlmt certain thoracic muscles in some Acritlidae also undergo degeneration in the adult stage.
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Atkins et al. (1962) studied this question.
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