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Gerald E. Klonglan, Richard D. Warren, Judy M. Winkelpleck, Steven K. Paulson, Interorganizational Measurement in the Social Services Sector: Differences by Hierarchical Level, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol. 21, No. 4 (Dec., 1976), pp. 675-687
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Klonglan et al. (1976) studied this question.
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