Differences in metabolic profiles between bicuspid and tricuspid aortic stenosis in the setting of transcatheter aortic valve replacement

Figures

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  Fig. 1. The specific metabolites differentially expressed between BAV and TAV patients prior to TAVR. a PLS-DA analysis implied the diverse metabolic patterns between bicuspid aortic stenosis and tricuspid aortic stenosis. b Comparison of all metabolites between BAV and TAV by volcano plot. c Enrichment analysis for these dominant metabolites which separated BAV stenosis participants from TAV stenosis ones (p-value< 0.05). d The expression of metabolites in arginine and proline metabolism pathway between BAV and TAV patients before TAVR (* indicated p-value< 0.05)

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  Fig. 2. The metabolic map of arginine and proline metabolism pathway. Letter T indicated the elevated metabolites in TAV patients before TAVR compared with BAV; letter P indicated the elevated metabolites in TAV patients post-TAVR compared with BAV

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  Fig. 3. The specific metabolites differentially expressed between BAV and TAV patients 7 days after TAVR. a Metabolic profiling distinguished patients with bicuspid and tricuspid aortic stenosis after TAVR by PLS-DA. b Comparison of all metabolites between BAV and TAV by volcano plot. c The pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated obviously altered arginine and proline metabolism pathway for BAV patients after TAVR, comparing with TAV patients (P-value< 0.05). d The reduced metabolites of L-Glutamine, L-Arginine, Pyruvic acid, Homocarnosine and Ornithine in arginine and proline metabolism pathway in BAV patients (* indicated P-value< 0.05)

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  Fig. 4. Baseline subgroup analysis for BAV patients. a Baseline hemodynamics in lower and higher baseline Vmax groups. (* indicated p-value< 0.05). b Comparison of all metabolites between the lower and higher Vmax groups by volcano plot. c WGCNA algorithm identified the metabolic module closely related to baseline Vmax. d Venn plot indicated the impact metabolites which both were positively related to baseline Vmax and differentially expressed between BAV and TAV. e Pathway enrichment analysis detected the significantly altered arachidonic acid metabolism pathway (p-value< 0.05). f The different expression of metabolites in arachidonic acid metabolism pathway between patients with lower and higher baseline Vmax (* indicated p-value< 0.05)

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  Fig. 5. The metabolic map of arachidonic acid metabolism pathway. The metabolites elevated in BAV patients with higher baseline Vmax were labeled by letter V. Those elevated in BAV patients with ∆LVMI value within the 1st quartile were labeled by letter P

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  Fig. 6. Post-procedural subgroup analysis for BAV patients. a One-year ∆LVMI and (b) ∆LVM in the 1st and 4th quartile groups (all P-value< 0.05). c Volcano plot showed the differentially expressed metabolites in the two groups. d The pathway enrichment analysis demonstrated elevated arachidonic acid metabolism pathway in patients within the 1st quartile of ∆LVMI (P-value< 0.05). e The different expression of metabolites in arachidonic acid metabolism pathway between patients within the 1st and 4th quartile of one-year ∆LVMI (* indicated P-value< 0.05)