Endothelium-Dependent Regulation of the Cardiovascular System.

Hiroaki Shimokawa; Akira Takeshita

doi:10.2169/internalmedicine.34.939

January 1, 1995Internal MedicineOpen Access

Endothelium-Dependent Regulation of the Cardiovascular System.

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Key Points

Summarize the mechanisms through which vascular endothelial cells modulate cardiovascular function and evaluate the consequences of endothelial dysfunction in cardiovascular disease.
Synthesized physiological and pathological evidence on endothelial production of vasoactive substances and their systemic cardiovascular actions.
Assessed literature regarding endothelial interactions with vascular smooth muscle, circulating blood components, and vascular structural growth.
Endothelial cells synthesize key vasoactive agents, including nitric oxide, prostacyclin, hyperpolarizing factors, and vasoconstrictors, to regulate vascular tone and blood flow.
Endothelium-dependent signaling governs vascular smooth muscle contraction, vessel remodeling, and interactions between the blood vessel wall and cellular blood elements.
Impairment of endothelial regulatory pathways is implicated directly in the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular disorders, particularly hypertension and atherosclerosis.

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Implication

This review highlights the critical role of endothelial function and endothelium-derived factors in cardiovascular regulation and the pathogenesis of cardiovascular diseases.

Abstract

Vascular endothelial cells play an important role in modulating cardiovascular function, by liberating several vasoactive substances, such as prostacyclin, endothelium-derived relaxing factor/nitric oxide, a hyperpolarizing substance, and vasoconstrictor substances. Their roles in the cardiovascular system include modulation of the contraction of the underlying vascular smooth muscle, interaction between blood components and blood vessel wall, vascular growth, as well as regulation of the cardiovascular system at several levels beyond the vascular wall. Alterations in the endothelial functions and the related processes are now known to be involved in the pathogenesis of many cardiovascular diseases, including hypertension and atherosclerosis. Thus, the impaired endothelial regulation of the cardiovascular system may have an important implication for the development and progression of many cardiovascular diseases.

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Cite This Study

Shimokawa et al. (1995) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/6a8354c83019910892ae363f https://doi.org/10.2169/internalmedicine.34.939

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Endothelium-Dependent Regulation of the Cardiovascular System.

Key Points

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Implication

Abstract

Discussion

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Endothelium-Dependent Regulation of the Cardiovascular System.

Key Points

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Implication

Abstract

Discussion

Cite This Study

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