The distributions of Ti+ and Ti densities in laser-ablation Ti plasmas were visualized by laser-induced fluorescence imaging spectroscopy. The absolute Ti density was determined by ultraviolet absorption spectroscopy. The absolute Ti+ density was evaluated by comparing the laser-induced fluorescence intensity from Ti+ with that from Ti. In addition, we evaluated the total numbers of Ti+ and Ti in plasmas by integrating the density distributions spatially. As a result, it was found that the total number of Ti+ was higher than that of Ti in the initial stage of laser-ablation plasmas. In ambient He gas, we observed the temporal increase in the total number of Ti, indicating the gas-phase production of Ti due to neutralization of Ti+. The increase in the total number of Ti+ was also observed, suggesting the production of Ti+ due to neutralization of Ti2+. The present experimental results show that Ti+ and Ti2+ are major species produced by laser ablation of a metal Ti target.
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Sasaki et al. (2002) studied this question.
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