Monocyte-to-High Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Ratio Positively Predicts Coronary Artery Disease and Multi-Vessel Lesions in Acute Coronary Syndrome

Figure 1. A study flow chart.

Figure 2. MHR levels increase in CAD and ACS patients. (A (a)) Comparison of monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR) levels between control, CAD and ACS patients, (A (b)) Comparison of MHR levels between single vessel lesions and multi-vessel lesions in ACS patients. (B) Representative coronary angiogram in control [(B (a)) normal left anterior descending coronary artery], CAD [(B (b)) thrombus in the proximal and distal left anterior descending coronary artery in CAD patient] and ACS patients [(B (c)) thrombus in the proximal and distal left anterior descending coronary artery in ACS patient and (B (d)) thrombus in the right coronary artery in ACS patient]. (C) The part circled in red showed a scattergram of monocytes in blood cell counting tests. (C (a)) normal control; (C (b)) CAD patient; (C (c)) ACS patient with single vessel lesion; (C (d)) ACS patient with multi-vessel lesions. ***P<0.001.

Figure 3. Flow cytometric analysis of classical monocyte subsets and CMHR between control and CAD patients. (A) PBMCs from a representative blood donor were labeled with anti-CD45, -CD14, -CD16, and-CD66b antibodies. Classical monocytes were identified using a gating strategy. (B) The number of CM increases dramatically following CAD compared with controls. (C) Comparison of CMHR levels between control and CAD patients (n=10–27, *P<0.05, **P<0.01).

Figure 4. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis of the predictive parameters. ROC curves of the (A) monocyte to high-density lipoprotein cholesterol ratio (MHR), (B) left Ventricle Ejection fraction (LVEF), (C) white blood cell (WBC), (D) neutrophil (NE), (E) blood platelet and (F) lymphocyte (LY). The graphs indicated cutoff values with respective sensitivity and specificity levels and area under curve (AUC) values with 95% confidence intervals.