As a neutral, lipophilic, purely organic host, the macrocycle 1 may deservedly be labeled an “anion-binding counterpart” of a crown ether or cryptand. Macrocycle 1 was synthesized from the inexpensive steroid cholic acid. It forms 1:1 complexes with fluoride, chloride, and bromide and shows good discrimination in favor of the smaller anions. R = pentyl.
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Davis et al. (1996) studied this question.
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