Imaging pulmonary infectious diseases in immunocompromised patients

Immunocompromised patients are subject to a variety of infectious pathogens involving lungs. Imaging examination of pulmonary conditions could provide valuable information for differentiation diagnosis, treatment assessment as well as prognostic prediction. Imaging manifestations of immunocompromise-related pulmonary diseases could be either pathogen-specific or -non-specific. It is particularly fundamental to recognize these imaging characteristics at suspicion of opportunistic infections in such patients. In this article, we attempt to present a review to refresh and update our knowledge of imaging features of pulmonary infectious diseases in immunocompromised patients.