Conflicts and Reconciliation at the Port-City Interface in Contemporary European Cities

Since ports were first created in coastal and riverbank cities, they have remained an integral part of many cities. As maritime trade developed and required more space and infrastructure, ports have gradually become more specialized for maritime purposes. Since the more recent advent of containerization and globalization, port-city relations have become increasingly complex. Therefore, it is important to investigate methods to resolve the conflicts in port-city interfaces. This paper demonstrates an in-depth research study of the approaches taken by major European ports to reconcile port-city conflicts and provides insight and guidance for port authorities on this issue.